ABSTRACT
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common ligamentous injuries of knee. Treatment options for partial ACL tear range from conservative treatment up to partial reconstruction. PRP may have enhancing effect on ACL cell viability and promotion of cell proliferation in partial tear of ACL. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the role of PRP on partial ACL tear.Methods:A RCT was done among athletes with partial ACL injury who visited department of Sports Medicine, RIMS, Imphal during June 2019-December 2020. Patients with MRI diagnosed grade 1 and 2 ACL injury (n=48) randomized into PRP injection plus rehabilitation, (n=24) and rehabilitation alone, (n=24) groups. The outcomes were compared using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score and VAS at baseline, 1stmonth, 4thmonth, 8thmonth and 12thmonth respectively.Results: Baseline characteristics were not statistically significant.At the end of 1stmonth, there were statistically significant improvement in both mean difference of IKDC score (.001), Lysholm score (0.001) and VAS (0.007). At the end of 4thmonth, there were statistically significant improvement in both mean difference of IKDC score (0.001), Lysholm score (0.026) and VAS (0.001). At the end of 8thand 12thmonth, improvement in mean difference of IKDC score, Lysholm score, VAS were observed however not statistically significant.Conclusions: Ultrasound guidedPRP injection along with conservative rehabilitation program might be a treatment choice for ACL partial tear.
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Background: The rapid increase of caesarean section (CS) rate throughout the world has become a serious public health issue since the level of CS is well above the WHO (1985) recommended 15% and it is increasing over time. Objectives of the study was to determine the prevalence of caesarean section and women’s attitudes towards CS, to investigate rural-urban differences and any associated factors between attitude with socio-demographic factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas of three districts of Manipur from 2015 to 2017 among 600 eligible married women aged 18-35 years selected by simple random sampling. Household was taken as sampling unit and electoral roll (2013) as sampling frame. An interview schedule was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics like mean, SD, proportion and inferential statistics like χ2 test was used. p-value 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the participants was 29.7±4.6 years. The overall prevalence of CS rate was 18.5% and the first child CS rate was 19.9% and majority of them belongs to 30-35 age groups. Majority of the women (84.2%) have neutral attitude and only 7.6% have favorable attitude towards CS. Favorable attitude towards CS was more among women who married at ≥30 years, whose husband was >30 years and was a government employee and who ever had CS.Conclusions: Although the prevalence of CS is well above the WHO (1985) recommendation. Majority still preferred vaginal delivery and the demand for CS is low in the present setting.
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Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and majority of the stroke survivors experience upper extremity functional limitations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mirror therapy in addition with a conventional upper limb rehabilitation program in a post stroke hemiplegic patient.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 72 post stroke patients aged 35-65 years having hemipa¬resis attending the PMR department, RIMS, Manipur from 2013 to 2016. Assessment was done at baseline, 1 and 6 months for FIM self care, Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery and MAS for spasticity. Both the group participated in a stroke rehabilitation program and study group was given mirror therapy in addition. Descriptive statistics such as mean±SD and inferential statistics like Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA were used. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: There was an improvement in Brunnstrom stage and FIM self-care score in both groups, but the post-treatment score was significantly higher in the mirror therapy group. Statistically significant difference in FIM self care and motor recovery between the study and control groups was noted [1.1±0.38 (study) versus 0.88±0.32 (control) for motor recovery and 34.1±2.59 (study) versus 29.5±4.58 (control) for FIM self care]. However, no significant difference was seen in spasticity between the groups.Conclusions: Mirror therapy used in addition to conventional stroke rehabilitation program was found to be effective in the recovery of upper extremity motor functions and daily self care activities in post stroke hemiplegic patients.
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Background: Upper limbs are very important to motor functionality. However, in majority of stroke patients, arm functions are impaired resulting in disabilities and restrictions to function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of mirror therapy in the motor recovery of upper extremity in the post stroke hemiplegic patient.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted among 72 post stroke patients aged 35-65 years having hemiparesis attending the PMR OPD in RIMS, Manipur from 2013 to 2016. Assessment was done for FIM self care and Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery at baseline and 1 month and 6 month of post treatment. Both the study and control group participated in a stroke rehabilitation programme and study group was given mirror therapy in addition. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics like Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA were used. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Mean age were 54.56±7.61 years (study) and 55.11±7.99 years (control). Majority of them were males (61.1%). Significant improvement was noted in the study group from baseline to 1 month and 6 months follow up. Mean score comparison of FIM self care between study and control group from baseline to 1 month was (28.28±3.11 to 34.11±2.59 vs 28.00±4.30 to 29.50±4.58) and from 1 to 6 months follow up was (34.11±2.59 to 37.83±2.04 vs 29.50±4.58 to 32.44±4.82) respectively.Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in hand function regarding both motor recovery and daily self care activities in the study group.
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Background: Childhood obesity is emerging as one of the serious public health problems. It has become one of the significant risk factors associated with a cluster of non-communicable diseases which causes an enormous socioeconomic and public health burden. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the body fat % and prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescent in Manipur and to identify factors which may contribute to overweight.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 12,410 students studying in class VIII-XII in four districts of Manipur from 2007-2009. A self-administered questionnaire method was used. BMI and Body composition were determined using the TANITA Body Composition Analyzer. Overweight/ obesity were classified by using WHO classification. Analysis done using SPSSv20 and mean (SD), percentages and Chi-square test were used. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The overall mean fat % was 19.4±6.1 and girls have higher fat% than boys. Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity were 6.4% and 1.2% respectively. Obesity prevalence was more among girls than boys (1.6% vs 1.0%). Statistically significant association was found between obesity with family history of overweight, private schooling, playing games, mode of transport to school, sleeping hours, being vegetarian and watching television.Conclusions: Though the prevalence of overweight and obesity as compared to other parts of India is low, the increasing trend is a definite cause of concern. Therefore, there is a need for primary prevention targeted among children and adolescents regarding adoption of healthy life styles.
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Background: Tattooing has emerged as common activity among adolescents. Therefore, it is important to informed adolescents about possible health hazards associated with it. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of tattooing and knowledge of health risks associated with it among higher secondary students and association between knowledge on risk factors with selected socio-demographic variables.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2015 among 1325 students studying in class XI and XII in Thoubal district of Manipur in Northeast India. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Based on the obtained score, knowledge was divided into adequate and inadequate. Descriptive statistics like mean (SD) and percentages were used. Chi-square test was used for testing the significance and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Total of 1378 students participated in the study. Almost all the students (99.5%) have heard of tattoo but only 75 of them (5.5%) had ever tattooed. Majority (87%) of the students had inadequate knowledge. Ever tattooed was more among male students compared to female. There was significant association between adequate knowledge and male students, parents who had secondary and above education. Significant association was found among those who had adequate knowledge and risk of transmission of disease through tattooing.Conclusions: Prevalence of ever tattooed was 5.5%. Though majority of the participants had heard of tattoo but most of them had inadequate knowledge about health risk associated with tattooing.